Shod Row (Tricholoma caligatum) fotografie și descriere

Shod row (Tricholoma caligatum)

• Matsutake
• Rând reperat

• Row spotted;
• Matsutake;
• Pine mushroom;
• pine horns.

Shod Row (Tricholoma caligatum) is an edible mushroom belonging to the Tricholomov family, the genus Ryadovok.

Shod row (Tricholoma caligatum) is also known under a different name – matsutake. this mushroom bears fruit well, but it is often difficult to find it. The thing is that the fruiting bodies of the spotted row are well hidden under a layer of fallen leaves. Due to the difficulty of finding the cost and value of the fruiting bodies of the shoeed row, it is prohibitively high.

A characteristic feature of the described fungus is the presence of long and deeply planted legs in the soil, the length of which can reach 7-10 cm. The main task for a mushroom picker who has found fruiting bodies of a spotted row on his way is to extract the fungus from the soil without damage. The mushroom is not well known, but is good for eating in a variety of forms.

The diameter of the cap of spotted rows varies between 5-20 cm. It is characterized by a semicircular shape, thick, fleshy, in ripe fruiting bodies it is flat-convex, has a tubercle in the central part. The color of the cap can be brownish-chestnut or brownish-gray. Its entire surface is covered with small, tightly pressed scales located on a lighter background. Often, on the surface of the fruiting body of the spotted row, the remains of a common veil are visible. The edges of the cap of the described mushroom are characterized by a whitish color, unevenness, and waviness.

The leg length of spotted rows is 5-12 cm, and their diameter varies between 1.5-2.5 cm. The leg itself is located in the center, has a cylindrical shape and tapers near the base. The color of the stem under the ring can be either powdery or white, and its surface under the ring is densely covered with scales that are the same color as the scales covering the cap. At the same time, the scales on the surface of the leg have pointed areas, notches.

The ring on the stem of the mushroom is well defined, covered with a large number of scales on the outside, and completely white on the inside. The pulp of the mushroom has a wonderful fruity aroma and taste, characterized by a white color. The hymenophore of the spotted row is lamellar. The plates in its composition are often located, usually adhere to the surface of the fruiting body, have a white color. The spore powder of the described species of fungus is also characterized by a white color.

Shod rowing grows in coniferous (mainly pine), as well as in mixed (pine-oak) forests. The most active fruiting occurs from September to November (that is, throughout the autumn).

The formation of fruiting bodies of spotted rows occurs at a depth sufficiently large for such plants in the soil. The stem of this mushroom is located deep from the soil surface, and therefore, when harvesting, the mushroom has to be dug up. The aroma of shod rowing is very peculiar, similar to the smell of anise. Interestingly, when the fruiting body of the described mushroom species appears on the surface, the soil begins to crack strongly. Such a mushroom is rarely found in a solitary form, it grows mainly in large groups.

On the territory of Our Country, spotted rows grow mainly in the eastern regions of the country. You can meet him in the Urals, in the Irkutsk region (Eastern Siberia), in the Khabarovsk Territory and the Amur Region. And in the Primorsky Territory, shod rows are included in the Red Book. Such a mushroom is rarely found in European countries.

Matsutake fruiting occurs mainly in pine and mixed (pine-oak) forests. They have the ability to form mycorrhiza with coniferous trees (mainly pines). It can rarely form mycorrhiza with deciduous trees, in particular oaks. Spotted rows choose old pine groves for their growth. Around a coniferous tree, these mushrooms form the so-called witch circles, gathering in large colonies. It is interesting that spotted rows skillfully hide under fallen leaves of trees standing near pines. The mushroom described prefers to grow in dry soil, which is not very fertile. A colony of spotted rows does not grow in one place for more than 10 years.

Shod rows – mushrooms are quite finicky, and therefore give a harvest only when certain weather conditions are established. In order for the harvest of shod rows to be good, it is necessary that the daytime temperature does not exceed 26 ºC, and the night temperature does not fall below 15 ºC. Another important condition for the growth of matsutake is more than 20 mm of precipitation during the previous 100 days. If suitable weather conditions are created at the end of summer, then the fruiting of spotted rows can occur as early as August.

Shod row (Tricholoma caligatum) belongs to the number of edible mushrooms, and has good taste properties. It is especially highly valued in Japan and the countries of the East. This mushroom can be fried, while heat treatment eliminates the unpleasant aftertaste, leaving only a sweetish aftertaste. A good row is shod and for pickling. Some gourmets note that this variety of rows has a strong pear flavor. It is interesting that the composition of the described type of rows contains a special antibiotic, and some antitumor substances. Their effectiveness has been proven through studies on white mice. In the Ussuriysky Reserve, this mushroom is protected, as well as in the Kedrovaya Lad Reserve. The presence of medicinal properties in the spotted rowweed makes this mushroom very valuable for Japan, where it is widely used for food purposes. It can not only be pickled and boiled, but also salted. Pickled and salted spotted rows are very dense and crispy.

In Japan and some other eastern countries, spotted rows are cultivated. Some gourmets note that this mushroom has a bitter aftertaste, and the taste is powdery or cheesy.